Farashin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada: Abin da Kuna Bukatar Sanin

A kasuwannin duniya na yau, jigilar kwantena na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen sauƙaƙe kasuwancin ƙasa da ƙasa, musamman ga 'yan kasuwa shigo da kayayyaki daga China zuwa Kanada. Kewaya rikitattun farashin jigilar kaya yana da mahimmanci don yanke shawara mai zurfi waɗanda ke inganta kayan aiki da haɓaka riba. Wannan jagorar yana bincika mahimman abubuwan da ke tasiri farashin jigilar kaya, gami da hanyoyin jigilar kaya, girman kwantena, da hanyoyin sufuri. Ta hanyar samun zurfin fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan, masu shigo da kaya za su iya haɓaka dabarun sarrafa kuɗi yadda ya kamata da tabbatar da isar da saƙon kan lokaci, a ƙarshe suna tallafawa ci gaban kasuwancin su da nasara a cikin fage mai fa'ida.

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

Mabuɗin Abubuwan Da Ke Tasirin Farashin Jirgin Ruwa

Fahimtar tsarin farashi na kwantena na jigilar kaya yana buƙatar cikakken bincike na abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda ke tasiri farashin. A ƙasa akwai manyan abubuwan da ke tsara farashin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada.

Hanyar jigilar kaya da Nisa

Hanyar jigilar kaya da nisa suna tasiri sosai akan farashin jigilar kaya. Hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki daga China zuwa manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Kanada kamar Vancouver, Toronto, da Montreal sun ƙunshi tazara iri-iri da lokutan wucewa.

Port of Tashi	Tashar jiragen ruwa	Kimanin Nisa (mil nautical)	Kiyasta lokacin wucewa (kwanaki)
Shanghai	Vancouver	5,000	12-15
Shenzhen	Toronto	6,000	15-18
Ningbo	Montreal	6,500	16-19

Teburin da ke sama yana kwatanta yadda wuraren tashi daban-daban a China za su iya haifar da kashe kuɗin jigilar kayayyaki iri-iri da lokutan isar da saƙo. Abubuwa kamar cunkoson tashar jiragen ruwa, yanayin yanayi, da ayyukan kamfanonin jigilar kaya na iya ƙara shafar nisa da lokaci, wanda a ƙarshe yana taka rawa a farashi.

Girman kwantena: 20ft vs. 40ft

Girman kwandon jigilar kaya kuma yana da tasiri mai yawa akan farashin jigilar kaya. Yawanci, kwantena suna zuwa cikin ma'auni masu girma biyu: Kafa 20 (TEU) da kuma Kafa 40 (FEU).

Girman akwati	Ƙimar Ƙirar (CBM)	Abubuwan Amfani Na Musamman	Ƙimar Kudin (USD)
20 ft	33 CBM	Ƙananan kayayyaki, ƙayyadaddun kaya	$ 1,500 - $ 3,000
40 ft	67 CBM	Manyan kaya, kaya masu yawa	$ 2,500 - $ 5,000

Gaba ɗaya, da Ganga mai ƙafa 40 yayi mafi kyau farashin kowace mita mai siffar sukari rabo fiye da Ganga mai ƙafa 20, yana mai da shi manufa don manyan kayayyaki. Koyaya, don ƙarami na shigo da kaya, kwantena 20ft na iya zama mafi tsada-tasiri duk da ƙimar jigilar kayayyaki na kowane ɗayan.

Yanayin Sufuri: FCL vs. LCL

Zaɓin yanayin jigilar kaya-ko Cikakkiyar Load ɗin Kwantena (FCL) or Kasa da Load ɗin Kwantena (LCL)- kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ƙayyade farashin jigilar kaya.

FCL ya haɗa da jigilar cikakken kwantena da aka keɓe ga kayan jigilar kaya guda ɗaya. Wannan hanya na iya haifar da ƙarancin farashi a kowace raka'a, musamman don jigilar kayayyaki masu yawa, saboda mai jigilar kaya ke da alhakin duk sararin kwantena.
LCL, a gefe guda, yana ba da damar jigilar kaya da yawa don raba sararin kwantena, yana mai da shi zaɓi mai dacewa don ƙananan kayan sufuri. Koyaya, wannan na iya haifar da ƙarin farashin jigilar kayayyaki kowace naúrar saboda ƙarin kulawa da farashin gudanarwa.

Yanayin jigilar kaya	Kudin Tasiri	Mafi kyawun Harka Amfani
FCL	Ƙarin farashi-tasiri don manyan kayayyaki	Manyan shigo da kaya, kasuwanci masu girma
LCL	Gabaɗaya ya fi tsada kowace raka'a	Ƙananan, jigilar kaya

A zabar tsakanin FCL da LCL, kasuwancin dole ne su tantance girman jigilar kayayyaki da mitar su. Yayin da LCL na iya rage farashin gaba, yana iya haifar da ƙarin kashe kuɗi a cikin dogon lokaci saboda ƙarin kulawa da ake buƙata.

ƙarin sharudda

Bayan abubuwan da aka ambata, wasu abubuwa na iya yin tasiri sosai kan farashin jigilar kaya:

Haraji da Haraji: Ayyukan shigo da kaya sun bambanta dangane da nau'in samfurin da asalin sa. Fahimtar da Kwastam tsari yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen kasafin kuɗi.
Ayyukan Inshora: Kare kayanka ta hanyar Ayyukan Inshora na iya ƙara ƙarin farashi amma yana ba da kwanciyar hankali idan asara ko lalacewa.
Ayyukan Warehouse: Bukatar Ayyukan Warehouse na iya tasiri farashin kayan aiki, musamman idan jinkiri ya faru a tashar jiragen ruwa ko lokacin wucewa.

Don kewaya rikitattun jigilar jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada yadda ya kamata, haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙwararren mai jigilar kaya kamar su. Dantful International Logistics zai iya daidaita tsarin. Tare da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙasashen duniya guda ɗaya, Dantful yana tabbatar da cewa ana sarrafa kayan jigilar ku da kulawa da daidaito, yana sa ƙwarewar shigo da ku ta yi laushi.

Don cikakkun hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki, gami da Kofa zuwa Kofa da kuma Kwastam, Yi la'akari da yin amfani da ƙwarewar Dantful a cikin masana'antar dabaru. Bincika ayyukansu kuma inganta dabarun jigilar kaya a yau.

Samu Sabon Magana

Dantful International Logistic Services:

Farashin jigilar kayayyaki daga China zuwa Kanada

Fahimtar farashin jigilar kayayyaki da ke da alaƙa da kwantena daga China zuwa Kanada yana da mahimmanci ga kasuwancin da ke neman shigo da kaya yadda ya kamata. Wannan sashe yana ba da cikakken bincike game da kashe kuɗi da suka shafi duka biyun 20 ft da kuma Kwantena 40 ft, tare da kwatanta Cikakkiyar Load ɗin Kwantena (FCL) da kuma Kasa da Load ɗin Kwantena (LCL) farashin jigilar kaya.

Farashin jigilar kaya 20ft daga China zuwa Kanada

Lokacin jigilar kaya a cikin a Ganga mai ƙafa 20, abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri ga farashin gabaɗaya. Girma da nauyin kaya, hanyar jigilar kaya, da yanayin sufuri sune mahimman abubuwan da ke ƙayyade farashin ƙarshe.

Rushewar farashi don Kwantena 20 ft

Bangaren Kuɗi	Ƙimar Kudin (USD)
Farashin kaya	$ 1,500 - $ 3,000
Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa	$ 300 - $ 600
Ayyukan Kwastam (ya bambanta da samfur)	5% - 10% na darajar kaya
Ayyukan Inshora	$ 100 - $ 300
Ƙarin caji (misali, ajiya)	$ 150 - $ 300

Farashin jigilar kaya na a 20 ft kwandon yawanci jeri daga $ 1,500 zuwa $ 3,000, dangane da hanyar jigilar kaya, lokacin shekara, da takamaiman kamfanin jigilar kaya. Ƙarin farashi, kamar Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa, zai iya ƙara $300 zuwa $600 zuwa ga yawan kashe kuɗi. Harajin shigo da kaya da harajin kwastam sun bambanta da nau'in samfur, yana ƙara yin tasiri ga jimillar kuɗin jigilar kaya.

Farashin jigilar kaya 40ft daga China zuwa Kanada

Kudin jigilar kaya don Kwantena masu ƙafa 40 sun bambanta musamman da takwarorinsu na ƙafa 20. Girman mafi girma yawanci yana ba da damar ƙarin farashi mai tsada a kowace mita cubic, wanda ke da fa'ida ga kasuwancin da manyan kayayyaki.

Rushewar farashi don Kwantena 40 ft

Bangaren Kuɗi	Ƙimar Kudin (USD)
Farashin kaya	$ 2,500 - $ 5,000
Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa	$ 400 - $ 800
Ayyukan Kwastam (ya bambanta da samfur)	5% - 10% na darajar kaya
Ayyukan Inshora	$ 150 - $ 400
Ƙarin caji (misali, ajiya)	$ 200 - $ 400

Jimlar farashin jigilar kaya a 40 ft kwandon yawanci jeri daga $ 2,500 zuwa $ 5,000. Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa gabaɗaya sun fi girma ga manyan kwantena, matsakaicin tsakanin $400 da $800. Kamar yadda yake tare da kwantena 20 ft, ayyukan kwastam da sabis na inshora suma suna aiki, suna ƙarawa gabaɗayan kuɗi.

Kwatanta Farashin FCL da LCL

Lokacin shigo da kaya, kasuwancin galibi suna buƙatar zaɓar tsakanin Cikakkiyar Load ɗin Kwantena (FCL) da kuma Kasa da Load ɗin Kwantena (LCL) jigilar kaya. Shawarar tana tasiri sosai akan tsarin farashi.

shipping Hanyar	Ingancin Kudin	Abubuwan Amfani Na Musamman
FCL	Ƙarin tattalin arziki don manyan kayayyaki	Mafi dacewa don shigo da kaya mai yawa, ƙananan farashi kowace raka'a
LCL	Gabaɗaya ya fi girma kowace raka'a	Ya dace da ƙarami, jigilar kaya

FCL vs. LCL Farashin Haɓaka

FCL: Zaɓi don FCL yawanci ya fi tasiri ga kasuwancin da ke da kaya mai girma, saboda yana ba da ƙayyadaddun ƙididdiga ga dukan akwati. Wannan hanyar kuma tana rage haɗarin jinkirin da ke tattare da daidaita masu jigilar kayayyaki da yawa.
LCL: Ko da yake LCL na iya zama ƙasa da tsada a gaba, farashin kowace naúrar yakan fi girma saboda ƙarin sarrafawa da sarrafa kayan aiki. Kasuwancin da ba sa buƙatar cikakken akwati na iya samun LCL wani zaɓi mai dacewa, musamman don ƙarami ko jigilar kaya.

Samu Sabon Magana

KARIN BAYANI:

Ƙarin Kudade da Caji

Fahimtar cikakken nau'in farashi kuma yana buƙatar sanin ƙarin ƙarin kudade daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya tasowa yayin jigilar kaya.

Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa

Ana biyan kuɗaɗen tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa lokacin da kwantena suka isa tashar jiragen ruwa a Kanada. Waɗannan kudade na iya bambanta sosai dangane da wurin tashar jiragen ruwa da takamaiman sabis ɗin da ake buƙata. Yawan caji na iya haɗawa da:

Karba da saukewa halin kaka
Kudin ajiya ga kwantena da aka ajiye a tashar jiragen ruwa
Kudin takardun shaida don sarrafa takardun jigilar kaya

Haraji da Haraji

Haraji na kwastan da haraji sune muhimman abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su yayin ƙididdige jimlar farashin jigilar kaya. Ana ƙididdige waɗannan kudade bisa ƙimar kayan da aka shigo da su kuma suna iya bambanta dangane da nau'in samfur. Masu shigo da kaya suna buƙatar sanin takamaiman ƙimar haraji kuma su tabbatar da bin ka'idodin kwastan na Kanada don guje wa cajin da ba zato ba tsammani.

Ayyuka da Haraji	Ƙimar Ƙimar (%)
Aikin Shigo Gabaɗaya	5% - 10% na darajar kaya
GST (Harajin Kayayyaki da Sabis)	5%
PST (Harajin Tallace-tallacen Lardi - ya bambanta da lardi)	0% - 10%

Masu shigo da kaya na iya rage ayyukan kwastan ta hanyar tabbatar da cewa duk takaddun suna cikin tsari kuma samfuran sun bi ka'idodin Kanada. Tuntuɓar ƙwararren mai tura kaya, kamar Dantful International Logistics, zai iya taimakawa wajen kewaya waɗannan hadaddun yadda ya kamata.

Ta hanyar yin amfani da ƙwarewar Dantful, 'yan kasuwa za su iya samun fahimta don inganta dabarun jigilar kayayyaki, tabbatar da farashi mai inganci da ingantaccen shigo da kayayyaki daga China zuwa Kanada. Don ƙarin bayani kan cikakkun hanyoyin magance dabaru, gami da Ayyukan Warehouse da kuma Ayyukan Inshora, bincika abubuwan da Dantful yayi a yau.

Samu Sabon Magana

Lokacin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada

Lokacin shigo da kaya daga China zuwa Kanada, fahimtar abubuwan lokacin jigilar kaya yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa sarkar kayan aiki mai inganci. Wannan sashe yana nazarin matsakaicin lokutan jigilar kaya don jigilar kayayyaki na teku, tare da abubuwa daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya shafar tsawon lokacin jigilar kaya.

Matsakaicin Lokacin Canjawa don Jirgin Ruwa

Lokacin jigilar kayayyaki daga China zuwa Kanada ya bambanta dangane da zaɓaɓɓen hanyar jigilar kaya, tashar tashi, da kuma makoma. Anan ga bayanin matsakaicin lokutan jigilar kaya don jigilar kaya na teku:

Port of Tashi	Tashar jiragen ruwa	Matsakaicin Lokacin wucewa (kwanaki)
Shanghai	Vancouver	12-15
Shenzhen	Toronto	15-18
Ningbo	Montreal	16-19
Xiamen	Calgary	18-21
Guangzhou	Halifax	20-23

Teburin yana misalta kwatankwacin lokacin wucewa don manyan hanyoyi. Abubuwa kamar jadawalin jirgin ruwa da yanayin yanayi na iya haifar da bambance-bambance a waɗannan lokutan.

Abubuwan Da Suka Shafi Tsawon Lokacin Aiki

Abubuwa da yawa na iya yin tasiri ga jimlar jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada:

Cunkoson Tashar ruwa: Tashar jiragen ruwa masu aiki suna iya samun jinkiri a lokacin mafi girman yanayi. Yawan kaya na iya haifar da tsawon lokacin saukewa da jinkirin sarrafa kayan jigilar kaya.
Kwastam: Kowane jigilar kaya dole ne ya bi ta hanyar binciken kwastan, wanda zai iya bambanta a tsawon lokaci. Jinkiri na iya faruwa idan takaddun bai cika ba ko kuma idan ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike.
Yanayin Yanayi: Mummunan yanayi, kamar guguwa ko guguwa, na iya haifar da karkatar da jiragen ruwa ko jinkirta lokacin wucewa.
Zaɓin Hanyar jigilar kaya: Hanyoyin jigilar kaya daban-daban na iya samun lokutan wucewa daban-daban. Wasu hanyoyi na iya ba da fifikon saurin gudu yayin da wasu ke mai da hankali kan tanadin farashi, yana shafar yadda kayayyaki ke isa Kanada cikin sauri.
Gudun Jirgin Ruwa: Gudun jirgin ruwan kwantena kuma shine ƙayyadaddun lokacin jigilar kaya. Tasoshin jiragen ruwa masu sauri na iya haifar da ƙarin farashi amma suna iya rage lokutan wucewa sosai.
Lokacin Gudanarwa da Loading: Ingantattun ayyukan lodawa da saukarwa a duka tashar jiragen ruwa da kuma wurin da ake nufi na iya yin tasiri ga tsawon lokacin jigilar kaya gabaɗaya.

Samu Sabon Magana

Kuna iya sha'awar labarai masu alaƙa:

Nasihu don Rage Farashin jigilar kaya

Rage farashin jigilar kaya abu ne mai mahimmanci ga kasuwancin da ke da niyyar ci gaba da yin gasa. Anan akwai ingantattun dabaru don taimakawa rage kuɗin jigilar kaya.

Zaɓan Mai Gabatar Da Kayan Aiki Dama

Zaɓin gogaggen kuma abin dogaro mai jigilar kaya na iya yin tasiri mai mahimmanci a farashin jigilar kaya. Ga wasu la'akari:

Kwatanta Rates: Sami ƙididdiga daga masu jigilar kaya da yawa kuma kwatanta ayyukansu da farashin su. Nemo kuɗaɗen ɓoye waɗanda zasu iya shafar farashin ƙarshe.
Kwarewa da Kwarewa: Zabi mai aikawa da gwaninta a jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada. Ya kamata su saba da dokokin kwastam da mafi kyawun hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki.
Bayar da Sabis: Ƙimar cikakken sabis ɗin da mai jigilar kaya ke bayarwa, gami da Kwastam, Ayyukan Inshora, Da kuma Ayyukan Warehouse. Sabis mai haɗawa zai iya taimakawa daidaita ayyuka da rage farashi.
Abokin ciniki Support: Tabbatar cewa mai jigilar kaya yana samar da ingantaccen goyon bayan abokin ciniki da sadarwa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don magance duk wata matsala da za ta iya tasowa yayin aikin jigilar kaya.

Ƙarfafa jigilar kayayyaki don Ƙarfin Kuɗi

Haɓaka jigilar kayayyaki na iya rage farashin jigilar kaya sosai. Ga yadda ake yin shi yadda ya kamata:

Umarni na rukuni: Duk lokacin da zai yiwu, haɗa umarni da yawa cikin jigilar kaya guda ɗaya. Wannan dabarar tana haɓaka sararin kwantena kuma tana rage farashi mai alaƙa da jigilar kaya da yawa.
Yi Amfani da Kasa da Load ɗin Kwantena (LCL): Idan ba za ku iya cika akwati gaba ɗaya ba, la'akari da amfani da jigilar LCL. Wannan zaɓin yana ba ku damar raba sararin kwantena tare da sauran masu jigilar kaya kuma yana iya haifar da tanadin farashi.
Shirye-shiryen Lokacin jigilar kaya: Jadawalin jigilar kaya a lokutan lokutan da ba a kai ga kololuwa lokacin da farashin ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa. Nisantar lokutan jigilar kaya na iya taimakawa rage farashi da rage jinkiri.
Tattaunawa tare da masu kaya: Yi aiki tare da masu samar da ku don kafa ƙarin jigilar kayayyaki akai-akai. Wannan dabarar na iya haifar da mafi kyawun farashi da ingantaccen jigilar kayayyaki.

Ta hanyar aiwatar da waɗannan dabarun, 'yan kasuwa za su iya inganta hanyoyin jigilar kaya, rage farashi yayin tabbatar da isar da kaya akan lokaci. Haɗin kai tare da amintaccen mai bada kayan aiki kamar Dantful International Logistics na iya ƙara haɓaka waɗannan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce, samar da ingantattun mafita don biyan bukatun jigilar kaya. Bincika kewayon sabis ɗin da Dantful ke bayarwa don haɓaka dabarun dabarun ku da sarrafa farashi yadda ya kamata.

Anan akwai wasu tambayoyi akai-akai (FAQs) dangane da abubuwan da aka bayar dangane da farashin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada:

Samu Sabon Magana

FAQ

1. Wadanne abubuwa ne ke tasiri farashin jigilar kayayyaki daga China zuwa Kanada?
Mahimman abubuwa da yawa suna tasiri akan farashin jigilar kaya, gami da:

Hanyar jigilar kaya da Nisa: Tashoshi daban-daban suna da tazara daban-daban da farashi masu alaƙa.
Girman akwati: Farashin ya bambanta tsakanin 20-kafa da kuma 40-kafa kwantena, tare da manyan kwantena yawanci suna ba da mafi kyawun farashi a kowace mita cubic.
Yanayin jigilar kaya: Cikakkiyar Load ɗin Kwantena (FCL) yawanci ya fi tattalin arziki ga manyan kayayyaki, yayin da Kasa da Load ɗin Kwantena (LCL) na iya zama mafi dacewa ga ƙarami, jigilar kaya.
Haraji da Haraji: Ayyuka sun bambanta dangane da nau'in samfurin da ƙimar, yana shafar farashin gabaɗaya.
ƙarin Services: Farashin don Ayyukan Inshora, Ayyukan Warehouse, Da kuma Kwastam kuma suna taka rawa.

2. Menene kimanta farashin jigilar 20 ft da 40 ft kwantena daga China zuwa Kanada?

Kwantena 20 ft: Farashin jigilar kaya yawanci ya tashi daga $ 1,500 zuwa $ 3,000, ya danganta da abubuwa daban-daban kamar hanyar jigilar kaya da kudaden kulawa.
Kwantena 40 ft: Gabaɗaya farashi ya fi girma, ana kimantawa tsakanin $ 2,500 da $ 5,000.

3. Yaya tsawon lokacin da ake ɗaukar kwantena daga China zuwa Kanada?
Matsakaicin lokacin jigilar kaya ya bambanta ta hanya amma gabaɗaya ya bambanta daga 12 zuwa kwanaki 23, ya danganta da tashar jiragen ruwa na tashi da inda aka nufa. Misali, jigilar kaya daga Shanghai zuwa Vancouver na iya ɗauka 12-15 kwanaki, yayin da jigilar kayayyaki daga Guangzhou zuwa Halifax na iya ɗauka 20-23 kwanaki.

4. Wadanne ƙarin kudade zan sa ran lokacin jigilar kaya daga China zuwa Kanada?
Ya kamata a shirya masu shigo da kaya don ƙarin kudade daban-daban, gami da:

Kudaden tashar jiragen ruwa da cajin sarrafawa: Yawanci kewayo daga $ 300 zuwa $ 800 dangane da girman akwati.
Haraji da Haraji: Gabaɗaya tsakanin 5% da kuma 10% na ƙimar kaya, da GST da PST masu dacewa.
Farashin Inshora: Daga $ 100 zuwa $ 400 dangane da darajar kayan.

5. Ta yaya zan iya rage farashin jigilar kaya na?
Don rage yawan kuɗin jigilar kayayyaki, yi la'akari da dabaru masu zuwa:

Zabi Mai Gabatar da Kayan Kaya Dama: Kwatanta rates da ayyuka, suna mai da hankali kan kwarewarsu tare da jigilar kayayyaki na China zuwa Kanada.
Haɓaka jigilar kayayyaki: Rukunin umarni da yawa cikin jigilar kaya ɗaya ko amfani da LCL don raba sararin kwantena.
Yi Shirye-shiryen Jigila cikin Hikima: Jadawalin jigilar kayayyaki a lokutan da ba a kai ba don cin gajiyar ƙananan farashin.
Tattaunawa tare da masu kaya: Yi aiki tare da masu ba da kaya don shirya manyan kayayyaki masu yawa.

Young Chiu

Matashi Chiu ƙwararren ƙwararren masani ne wanda ke da fiye da shekaru 15 gwaninta a cikin jigilar kayayyaki na ƙasa da ƙasa da sarrafa sarkar samarwa. Kamar yadda CEO of Dantful International Logistics, Matasa ya sadaukar da kai don samar da basira mai mahimmanci da shawarwari masu amfani ga harkokin kasuwanci da ke tafiyar da rikice-rikice na jigilar kayayyaki na duniya.

Sauran nau'ikan yare na wannan labarin